Ganglion operation
The ganglion surgery is a modern and effective procedure used to remove ganglion cysts that develop on the hand, wrist, foot, or ankle. During the surgery, a specialized hand surgeon removes the cyst, allowing for pain-free movement and restoring normal daily activities.
What is a Ganglion Cyst?
A ganglion cyst is a benign, fluid-filled lump that typically forms around the joints of the wrist, hand, or foot. It occurs due to an outpouching of the joint capsule or tendon sheath, usually resulting from the buildup of joint or tendon fluid. While ganglions are generally painless, their size and position may cause discomfort or pain, particularly if they press on nearby nerves or tissues. Ganglions are most commonly found on the wrist but can also develop near the ankle, knee, and fingers. Most ganglions are simple to treat, but when they cause chronic pain or functional limitations, surgical intervention may be necessary to resolve the issue permanently.
Causes of Ganglion Cysts
While the exact cause of ganglion cysts remains unclear, research and clinical experiences have identified several possible triggers. These tumor-like formations are most common near joints and tendon sheaths, where increased pressure or injury can lead to an overproduction of joint or tendon fluid, causing a sac-like protrusion.
Physical Strain and Injuries
Ganglions frequently develop in individuals who regularly perform repetitive movements, such as athletes, musicians, or those who type frequently. Continuous, one-sided strain can overwork the tendons and joints, eventually leading to the formation of a ganglion.
Anatomical Factors
In some cases, the structural arrangement of the joint or tendon sheath may contribute to ganglion formation. If joint capsules or tendon sheaths are abnormally tight, this may increase the pressure of joint fluid, leading to ganglion formation.
Joint Degeneration and Tendonitis
Joint degeneration (osteoarthritis) or tendonitis can also lead to ganglion formation, particularly in older adults. These degenerative conditions increase the production of joint fluid, which can cause cysts to form.
Genetic Predisposition
In some cases, genetic factors play a role in ganglion development. If a family member has had a ganglion cyst, there is an increased likelihood that other family members may also develop one.
Hormonal Factors
Ganglions are more frequently diagnosed in women, suggesting that hormonal factors may influence the development of these benign cysts.
Symptoms of a Ganglion Cyst
Ganglions are characterized by distinct symptoms that can help in early diagnosis and effective treatment.
Visible and Palpable Lump
The most telling sign of a ganglion is a soft, round, fluid-filled lump, usually located on the back or palm side of the wrist, around the ankle, or near the knee. These cysts are often soft to the touch and mobile, meaning they can move slightly when pressure is applied.
Pain and Discomfort
Although many ganglions are painless, some patients may experience pain or tightness when putting pressure on the affected area or performing certain movements. This is especially true if the cyst presses on nearby nerves or tissues.
Limited Mobility
Larger ganglions can restrict the movement of the affected joint, especially if the cyst is located in a flexing or extending area of the joint, making normal movement difficult.
Cosmetic Concerns
The visible lump caused by a ganglion may be a cosmetic issue for some, especially if it is on the hand or another visible area. This can lead to anxiety or self-esteem issues in affected individuals.
Diagnosis of Ganglion Cysts
Diagnosing a ganglion often begins with a physical examination, during which the doctor assesses the cyst’s location, size, and consistency. If necessary, imaging tests (such as ultrasound or MRI) may be used to establish a precise diagnosis and rule out other conditions that might cause similar symptoms.
Malignant Ganglion
The term “malignant ganglion” is often misunderstood, as the majority of ganglions are benign, jelly-like cysts that do not cause serious health problems or metastasize. However, if a ganglion is painful, growing rapidly, or shows unusual changes on imaging, it is important to undergo further evaluation to rule out more serious conditions.
Ganglion Surgery Procedure
Surgical removal of a ganglion becomes necessary when the cyst causes pain or limits function, and conservative treatments such as fluid aspiration have failed. The goal of surgery is to completely remove the ganglion and minimize the risk of recurrence.
Consultation and Preparation
Before the surgery, the patient undergoes a thorough consultation with their surgeon, in this case, Dr. Péter Vancsó, a hand surgery specialist. During the consultation, the patient’s medical history and symptoms are discussed, and the patient receives detailed information about the surgery, including potential complications and post-operative care. Additional diagnostic tests may be ordered if needed.
Steps of the Surgery
Ganglion surgery is typically performed under local anesthesia, keeping the patient awake but numbing the treatment area. The procedure takes about 30 minutes. The hand surgeon makes a small incision over the ganglion cyst, then carefully removes it from the joint or tendon sheath without damaging the surrounding tissues. The procedure requires precise technique to minimize tissue trauma and post-surgical pain.
Post-Operative Care
After the surgery, the treated area is covered with a sterile bandage. If the ganglion was on the hand or wrist, elevating the arm is recommended. To reduce swelling, the patient should keep the affected limb elevated, especially in the first few days. During the healing period, the patient should avoid exertion and overuse of the affected area. Rest and proper posture are crucial during the first week following surgery.
Follow-Up and Monitoring
The surgeon provides clear instructions on dressing care, keeping the wound clean, and when the limb can resume normal activity. Follow-up appointments, typically scheduled one and two weeks post-surgery, are essential for tracking the healing process.
Book a Consultation!
Don’t let a ganglion cyst cause further discomfort. Take control of your health and book a consultation at Spirit Plasztika today. Dr. Péter Vancsó and our team are ready to offer a personalized consultation to discuss your treatment plan. Contact us directly at +36 1 445 0108 or visit our website to schedule an appointment.